Cell Wall (Plant Cell)
Cells Wall is the specialized form of extracellular matrix that surround every cell of Plant, Fungi, Bacteria and Algae.
ð Cell wall absent in animal cell.
ð Cell wall also called as non-living because not found of special enzymatic activity or living activities.
ð Permeable in nature.
Composition:
Basically 3 layer made up of Cell Wall.
ð Middle Lamella
ð Primary Cell Wall
ð Secondary Cell Wall
1. Middle Lamella:- Pectin + Ca & Mg.
Pectin:- Water soluble polysaccharide- middle lamella is the outermost layer of plant cell wall and connect the two adjust cells. It’s also called intercellular substance and differs from other components of cell wall in stainability. It can be dissolved by strong acids.
2. Primary Wall:- Primary wall consists of these layers or wall lamellae which are resent on both sides of middle lamella. The Layers present on two sides of middles lamella. The Layers present on two sides of middle lamella will obviously belong two different adjacent cells. Primary Wall is rather thin and only semi-rigid in comparism to secondary wall. Primary wall is thin that it can’t be easily distinguish from the middle lamella.
ð They are made up of by polysaccharide, various sugar like carbohydrate molecules from in cellulose
ð The main chemical component of the cell wall is cellulose which is the most abundant polymer found in nature.
ð Cellulose form in carbohydrate
ð Hemicellulose are single cellulose which is carbohydrate form is simplar.
Use Of Cellulose: Paper Making, Clothing
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1. Secondary Wall: Secondary wall, which is deposit after the primary wall is laid down is much thicker and consists of several layers, so that bulk of cell wall at maturity consist of secondary wall only. It is through this secondary wall that the cell attains its shape and in many kinds of cells. This part gives the mechanical strength.
ð Made Up By Ugnin, cellulose, hemicellulose.
ð They are all water insoluble ligin organic polymer (non-crabohydrate)
Lignin, Suberin, Cutin: In secondary cell wall, additional substance may be incorporated. These include lignin and suberin lignins are the most abundant polymer found in nature and they are often defined as ‘Phenolic polymer’ to provide structural integrity.
v Plasmodesmata:- Small pore or holes are present in cell wall which act function as channel or transport passing such mechanical like water, nutrient, minerals from one wall to another cell.
v Function of Cell Wall:-
1) Support ( mechanical strength )
2) Protection ( from Pathogen)
3) Communication
4) Structure
5) Allow tree entry of water and small molecules.
6) Storage
7) Regular Growth.
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